Part 1 — Article: Understanding pglogical What is pglogical? pglogical is a PostgreSQL extension developed by 2ndQuadrant (now part of EDB) that provides logical replication between PostgreSQL databases. Unlike physical (streaming) replication, which copies binary WAL data block-for-block, logical replication…
pg_top is a real-time monitoring utility for PostgreSQL, similar to the Linux top command. It allows DBAs and database engineers to monitor PostgreSQL backend processes, active SQL statements, resource consumption, and database activity in real time. Installing pg_top RHEL /…
Setting a unique and descriptive identity for your server is one of the first steps in effective system administration. Without a correctly configured hostname, automated scripts and monitoring tools may fail to identify your machine, leading to confusion in logs…
In a standard Linux environment, directory permissions can sometimes be counterintuitive. By default, any user with write access to a directory has the power to delete or rename any file within that directory, regardless of who owns the file or…
The primary difference between apt-get and apt lies in their intended audience and functional design. Both are part of the Advanced Package Tool (APT) system used by Ubuntu to manage software, but they serve distinct roles. Key Differences Examples of…
In the world of PostgreSQL performance tuning, work_mem is one of the most frequently misunderstood parameters. Many administrators assume it represents a total memory limit for a database session or a single query, but in reality, its impact is much…
Imagine you are managing a multi-terabyte database, but only a fraction of that data is actually powering your application’s real-time performance. Without knowing which tables and indexes are “hot”—meaning frequently accessed and ideally stored in memory—you are essentially flying blind…
If you are managing a Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) server, you likely face the challenge of ensuring only trusted software runs on your system. You might find yourself in a scenario where a user accidentally downloads an untrusted script…
In PostgreSQL, the memory consumed by a single connection running a sequence of four SQL statements is not a simple cumulative total. Instead, it is determined by a combination of fixed process overhead, local memory allocations, and shared memory mappings.…
Monitoring memory consumption is a fundamental task for any PostgreSQL administrator. Unlike simple applications, PostgreSQL uses a sophisticated memory architecture that splits resources between a large shared pool and smaller, session-local areas for specific tasks like sorting and joining. Understanding…
